# Passionating World of Research


## Posts

- [PLS-SEM vs CB-SEM: Choosing the Right Approach Based on Theory Maturity](https://worldofresearch.com/pls-sem-vs-cb-sem-choosing-the-right-approach-based-on-theory-maturity/): A practical guide for quantitative researchers One of the most frequent questions in quantitative research—especially in management and social sciences—is: Should I use PLS-SEM or CB-SEM? The confusion often arises because the choice is treated as a technical or software decision. In reality, the distinction between PLS-SEM and CB-SEM is conceptual, rooted in the maturity of theory and the objective of the study. This post explains that logic clearly and simply. 1. The core principle: theory maturity The choice between PLS-SEM and CB-SEM depends on one central question: How mature and well-established is the theory underlying the proposed model? Theory […]
- [✨ New Publication Alert: Survey Item Validation in Elsevier’s Reference Module in Social Sciences](https://worldofresearch.com/%e2%9c%a8-new-publication-alert-survey-item-validation-in-elseviers-reference-module-in-social-sciences-2/): I’m excited to share my latest publication, “Survey Item Validation,” now available in the Elsevier Reference Module in Social Sciences (2025 Edition) on ScienceDirect. This article takes a deep dive into the fascinating world of survey item validation — a cornerstone of research reliability and credibility. It explores how carefully designed and validated survey instruments ensure that what we measure truly reflects the realities we seek to understand. What the Article Covers In this work, I discuss both the theoretical foundations and practical techniques of survey item validation. Topics include: Beyond the traditional framework, the article also reflects on the […]
- [Learning to Learn or Learning to Prompt? The AI Paradox in Student Learning](https://worldofresearch.com/learning-to-learn-or-learning-to-prompt-the-ai-paradox-in-student-learning/): In an age where information is one prompt away, students are increasingly turning to generative AI tools like ChatGPT to assist with everything from homework to thesis writing. This shift marks a fundamental transformation in how learning occurs. Ironically, students are using the tools meant to aid learning as a substitute for learning itself. This creates an educational paradox: Is using AI to learn still learning—if the student never truly learns how to think, process, or create independently? While AI democratizes access to information and can personalize learning, it also enables passive consumption. When students rely too heavily on GenAI, […]
- [Unlock the Secrets of Research Methodology: Check Out My YouTube Series!](https://worldofresearch.com/unlock-the-secrets-of-research-methodology-check-out-my-youtube-series/): If you’re new to research or looking to refine your research skills, I invite you to check out my YouTube channel, where I’ve curated a Beginner’s Workshop on Research series that guides you through essential aspects of research methodology. In this five-part series, we cover everything from the philosophical foundations of research to constructing a research model. Here’s a glimpse of what each session offers: Dive deep into the Philosophy of Research in this first session, where we explore the key principles and assumptions that underpin research. Whether you’re a student or a seasoned academic, understanding the “why” behind research […]
- [My Interview](https://worldofresearch.com/my-interview/): https://www.educationtimes.com/article/careers-offbeat/99164147/knowledge-of-technical-textiles-to-skill-students-in-diversified-areas
- [Generation difference chart](https://worldofresearch.com/generation-difference-chart/): You can find an interesting compilation of generation difference useful for researchers http://www.wmfc.org/uploads/GenerationalDifferencesChartUpdated2019.pdf
- [Why all fuzz about research?](https://worldofresearch.com/what-all-fuzz-about-research/)
- [Transitional Challenges in technology adoption](https://worldofresearch.com/transitional-challenges-in-technology-adoption/)
- [Method of validating survey instrument/scale](https://worldofresearch.com/method-of-validating-survey-instrument-scales/)
- [Selecting Statistical tool](https://worldofresearch.com/selecting-statistical-tool/)
- [Hypothesis testing and interpretation](https://worldofresearch.com/hypothesis-testing-and-interpretation-2/): In ANOVA…. H0 = m1=m2=m3groups = means are equal = No variance, m1, m2, m3 are mean value of the If F is larger than 1.96 and P<0.05 then distribution is significantNull hypothesis H0 is rejected = Alternate hypothesis accepted = Means are not equal.Significance indicates variance between groups exists.Insignificant indicates the groups are equal. In Correlation…. H0 = ρ = 0 ρ = rho = population correlationr = Sample correlation ρ = rρ = r = 0 means there is no correlationTherefore H0 = ρ = r = 0P = significant = reject null hypothesis that r = 0Alternatively […]
- [Emergence of OTT](https://worldofresearch.com/my-publication/): Emergence and future of Over-the-top (OTT) video services in India: an analytical research Over-the-Top (OTT) video platforms, once considered a luxury is today a commodity. In India, thereis an increasingly growing number of consumers adapting to it. While Indian streaming services likeHotstar and Jio Cinema has gained a stronger foothold, global players like Netflix and Amazon Primehave steadily grown their market share in India. This paper explores the emergence, advantage, andfuture of streaming service in India through an analytical research. We also present the various OTTservices, their growth factors, technology background, audience characteristics, content, censorshipand future developments expected in the […]
- [Impact of functional interdependency on employee satisfaction with performance appraisal in the real estate industry](https://worldofresearch.com/impact-of-functional-interdependency-on-employee-satisfaction-with-performance-appraisal-in-the-real-estate-industry/): Unbiased performance appraisal tends to bolster the performance of employees. The studies indicate several inadequacies with the current performance appraisal systems. Functional interdependence is one such factor that has been ignored. The study aims to find the factors that can improve the satisfaction with performance appraisal of employees whose deliverables are highly interdependent on other functions. Organizational justice, rater competence, inter-functional conflict, and cohesion are considered the mediating variables. To test the model, the data are collected through a survey using a questionnaire from the executives of Indian real estate companies who have undergone the appraisal process at least once. […]
- [Experimental Design](https://worldofresearch.com/experimental-design/)
- [New Scale Development](https://worldofresearch.com/scale-development/)
- [What Constitutes Research Design?](https://worldofresearch.com/what-constitutes-research-design/)
- [SEM - AMOS Slide 4](https://worldofresearch.com/sem-amos-slide-4/)
- [Structural Equation Modeling](https://worldofresearch.com/structural-equation-modeling/)
- [Conceptual Model Building](https://worldofresearch.com/article-on-conceptual-model-building/)
- [NIFT Craft Cluster Initiative](https://worldofresearch.com/nift-craft-cluster-initiative/)
- [APP-QUAL: Developing a measure for App quality from user perspective](https://worldofresearch.com/app-qual-developing-a-measure-for-app-quality-from-user-perspective/)
- [Data Analysis Plan](https://worldofresearch.com/data-analysis-plan/)
- [My thesis in Shodhganga](https://worldofresearch.com/my-thesis-in-shodhganga/): Click  the image to Access
- [Research Generalizations](https://worldofresearch.com/research-generalization/): There is always question on generalization of research findings in small sample sizes, study in one organisation etc. This article provides a good understanding on induction and generalization under five types.
- [Hypothesis testing and interpretation](https://worldofresearch.com/hypothesis-testing-and-interpretation/)
- [SEM - AMOS Slide 8](https://worldofresearch.com/sem-amos-slide-8/): Manage Groups and Manage Models
- [SEM - AMOS Slide 7](https://worldofresearch.com/sem-amos-slide-7/): Mediation and Moderation
- [SEM - AMOS Slide 6](https://worldofresearch.com/sem-amos-slide-6/): Structural model
- [SEM - AMOS Slide 5A](https://worldofresearch.com/sem-amos-slide-5a/): Model Identification
- [SEM - AMOS Slide 5](https://worldofresearch.com/sem-amos-slide-5/): CFA and EFA in AMOS
- [SEM - AMOS Slide 3](https://worldofresearch.com/sem-amos-slide-3/): The Interface
- [SEM - AMOS SLIDE 2](https://worldofresearch.com/sem-amos-slide-2/): Overview of Structural Equation Models
- [SEM - AMOS SLIDE 1](https://worldofresearch.com/sem-amos-slide-1/): Introduction to Structural Equation Modeling
- [Ecological Analysis and Inference](https://worldofresearch.com/ecological-analysis-and-inference/): If you don’t have matching data, but only aggregated group information and need to do a correlation or regression, Ecological analysis is the method. For more details about the analysis visit http://gking.harvard.edu/category/research-interests/methods/ecological-inference
- [Classic Article 1](https://worldofresearch.com/classic-article-1/): This article “On the Theory of Scales of Measurement” by S. S. Stevens classifies the measurement scales as Nominal, Ordinal, Interval and Ratio scales. Appeared in Science, New Series, Vol. 103, No. 2684 (Jun. 7, 1946), pp. 677-680. Published by: American Association for the Advancement of Science Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1671815
- [Research Deliberations](https://worldofresearch.com/research-deliberations/): Controversy is vital to the advancement of science because it helps focus attention on important questions and spurs individual scientists to gather new and better evidence, leading to greater insights. —–https://cosmology.carnegiescience.edu/timeline/1920
- [With renowned marketing guru Dr. Jagdish Sheth](https://worldofresearch.com/with-renowned-marketing-guru-dr-jagdish-sheth/): With renowned marketing guru Dr. Jagdish Sheth, Professor and Charles H. Kellstadt Chair of Marketing in the Goizueta Business School at Emory University and Mr. Ramanujam Sridhar, CEO, brand-comm, and the author of Googly: Branding on Indian Turf.
- [With Dr.A. Parasuraman](https://worldofresearch.com/with-dr-a-parasuraman/): With renowned marketing guru Dr.A. Parasuraman,  Professor and Holder of the James W. McLamore Chair, Marketing Department, College of Business Administration, University of Miami, Florida,and my faculty colleagues
- [Synthesizing Literature](https://worldofresearch.com/synthesizing-literature/): How to synthesize the review of literature.   This article gives a view how the review of literature can be synthesized and can be written as an article. You will understand that just reviewing an article critically and writing a para of comments will not give larger picture of the concept that is being studied.
- [What do you with your review of literature?](https://worldofresearch.com/what-do-you-with-your-review-of-literature/): This article suggests that review of literature be published as review article for the benefit of research world. These reviews will help in advancement of theories by placing theories on a hierarchy from ad hoc classification systems (in which categories are used to summarize empirical observations), to taxonomies (in which the relationships between the categories can be described), to conceptual frameworks (in which propositions summarize explanations and predictions), to theoretical systems (in which laws are contained within axiomatic or formal theories) (Parsons and Shils 1962).   Webster & Watson. (2002). ANALYZING THE PAST TO PREPARE FOR THE FUTURE: WRITING A […]
- [Should we use null hypothesis?](https://worldofresearch.com/should-we-use-null-hypothesis/): This article interestingly discusses against the use of Null Hypothesis in Social Science Jeff Gill. (Sep., 1999). The Insignificance of Null Hypothesis Significance Testing. Political Research Quarterly, Vol. 52, No. 3, 647-674.
- [Reverse Scoring of items](https://worldofresearch.com/reverse-scoring-of-items/): It is always a dilemma on having reversed item in the survey questionnaire. Many feel that it is required to keep in check if the respondent answers in an auto mode. However, does it reduce the response bias is always a question. Reversed items have been found to create problem during analysis (such as factor analysis). There are a few researches done on this issue. Please read this article on Misresponse to reversed likert items Journal of Marketing Research, 116 Vol. XLV (February 2008), 116–131
- [Bridging Research Competencies](https://worldofresearch.com/bridging-research-competencies/)
- [Intimacy Research](https://worldofresearch.com/intimacy-research/)
- [Types of Research Models](https://worldofresearch.com/types-of-research-models/)
- [Case study research method (Robert Yin)](https://worldofresearch.com/case-study-research-method-robert-yin/)
- [APA Referencing](https://worldofresearch.com/apa-referencing/)
- [Research Tools](https://worldofresearch.com/research-tools/)
- [Writing Styles](https://worldofresearch.com/writing-styles/)
- [Checklist for Case Writing](https://worldofresearch.com/checklist-for-case-writing/)
- [Statistical Anxiety](https://worldofresearch.com/statistical-anxiety/)
- [Salutogensis as Competitive advantage](https://worldofresearch.com/salutogensis-as-competitive-advantage/)
- [Sticky Note for Research](https://worldofresearch.com/sticky-note-for-research/)
- [Conceptual model building for Research](https://worldofresearch.com/conceptual-model-building-for-research/)
- [Philosophy and Research](https://worldofresearch.com/philosophy-and-research/): Philosophy of Research
- [A GENERAL THESIS TEMPLATE](https://worldofresearch.com/a-general-thesis-template/): Download the word template for thesis and start building your thesis with ease.

## Pages

- [My Publications](https://worldofresearch.com/my-publications/): This is my whole list of publications:
- [Front Page](https://worldofresearch.com/): Why this Blog Research is like PIERIAN SPRING OF MACEDONIA In Greek Mythology, the Pierian Spring of Macedonia is a metaphor to source of knowledge of art and science. The spring is believed to be a fountain of knowledge that inspires whoever drinks from it. It was believed that drinking from the Pierian Spring would bring you great knowledge and inspiration. Thus, if you only learn a little it can “intoxicate” you in such a way that makes you feel as though you know a great deal. However, when “drinking largely sobers” you, you become aware of how little you […]
- [Publications](https://worldofresearch.com/publications/): Scopus Author ID: 55204463900, h-index – 2ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4551-6081ResearcherID: N-7823-2017 Google Scholar: ‪Elangovan N‬ – ‪Google Scholar‬ ‪ Projects undertaken Project worth Rs. 12 Lakhs sponsored by Indo-Korean Institute of Science and Technology, on Social networking Services, Platform and Technology Started in March 2014.
- [Blog](https://worldofresearch.com/blog/)
- [Contact](https://worldofresearch.com/contact/)
- [About](https://worldofresearch.com/about/): I am currently Professor and PhD coordinator at School of Business and Management, Christ University, Bengaluru. Earlier been the Campus Director of National Institute of Fashion Technology, Kannur, Kerala. My educational background spans Engineering, Science and Management with Bachelor degrees with a BE in Mechanical Engineering and BA in Psychology, Post Graduate degrees of MBA Marketing and MSc Psychology, and a MPhil in Psychology. Hold a Doctorate in Management Science specialising in Information systems from Anna University, Chennai. My interest of research is in Strategic Information System Area. Before moving to academics, have experience in the textile area where I […]
- [Home](https://worldofresearch.com/home/): Pierian Spring of Macedonia  In Greek Mythology, the Pierian Spring of Macedonia is a metaphor to source of knowledge of art and science. The spring is believed to be a fountain of knowledge that inspires whoever drinks from it. Alexander Pope‘s poem “An Essay on Criticism” (1709): “A little learning is a dang’rous thing;/Drink deep, or taste not the Pierian spring.” Lines 215 to 232 of Pope’s poem read: “A little learning is a dang’rous thing; Drink deep, or taste not the Pierian spring: There shallow draughts intoxicate the brain, And drinking largely sobers us again. Fir’d at first sight […]


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